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Guy E.
Skinner, Ph.D.
United States Food and Drug
Administration |
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Contact:
Guy Skinner
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Ababouch, L. and Busta, F.F. 1987. Effect of treatments in oils on bacterial spore survival. Journal of Applied Bacteriology. 62(6): 491-502. [PUBMED]
Ababouch, L. and Busta, F.F. 1985. Adaptation of biphasic culture technique to the sporulation of Clostridium sporogenes PA 3679. Effect of glucose content on spore yield and heat resistance. Food Microbiology 2: 107-114.
Abbitt, R., Murphy, M.J., Ray, A.C., Reagor, J.C., Eugster, A.K., Gayle, L.G., Whitford, H.W., Sutherland, R.J., Fiske, R.A., and Pusok, J. 1984. Catastrophic death losses in a dairy herd attributed to type D botulism. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 185(7): 798-801. [PUBMED]
Abgueguen, P., Delbos, V., Chennebault, J.M., Fanello, S., Brenet, O., Alquier, P., Granry, J.C. and Pichard, E. 2003. Nine cases of foodborne botulism type B in France and literature review. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. 22(12): 749-752. [PUBMED]
Abrahamsson, K., and Rieman, H. 1971. Prevalence of Clostridium botulinum in semipreserved meat products. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 21(3): 543-544. [PUBMED]
Abrahamsson, K. 1967. Occurrence of type E Clostridium botulinum type E in smoked eel. In Botulism 1966. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Food Microbiology, Moscow, July, 1966, Ed. Ingram, M. and Roberts, T.A. pp. 73-75. Abrahamsson, K., Gullmar, B. and Molin, N. 1966. The effect of temperature on toxin formation and toxin stability of Clostridium botulinum type E in different environments. Canadian Journal of Microbiology. 12(2): 385-394. [PUBMED]Abrahamsson, K., DeSilva, N.N. and Molin, N. 1965. Toxin production by Clostridium botulinum type E, in vacuum packed, irradiated fresh fish in relation to changes of the associated microflora. Canadian Journal of Microbiology. 11: 523-529.
Abrahamsson, K. 1964a. Effect of various chemicals on production of toxin by Cl. botulinum type E. Report No. 150. Swedish Institute for Food Preservation Research, Gothenberg.
Abrahamsson, K. 1964b. `Studier över inverkan av olika ke,ikalier på toxin produktionem hos Clostridium botulinum typ E. Nord. Hyg. Tidskr. 45: 49.Abrams, A., Kefeles, G. and Hottle, G.A. 1946. The purification of toxin from Clostridium botulinum type A. Journal of Biology and Chemistry. 164: 63-79.
Adair, C., Kilsby, D.C., Whittal, P.T. 1989. Comparison of the Schoolfield (non-linear) model and the square root model for predicting bacterial growth in foods. Food Microbiology. 6: 7-18Adams, M. 2000. Botulism in Eastern Europe. International Food Safety News. 9: 7.
Adler, M., Keller, J.E., Sheridan, R.E. and Deshpande, S.S. 2001. Persistence of botulinum neurotoxin A demonstrated by sequential administration of serotypes A and E in rat EDL muscle. Toxicon. 39(23): 233-243. [PUBMED]
Adler, M., Keller, J.E., Baskin, S., Salem, H., Filbert, M.G. and Romano, J. 1999. Promising new approaches for treatment of botulinum intoxication. Journal of Applied Toxicology. 19(Suppl 1): S3‑4. [PUBMED]
Adler, M., Nicholson, J.D., Starks, D.F., Kane, C.T., Cornille, F. and Hackley, B.E. 1999. Evaluation of phosphoramidon and three synthetic phosphonates for inhibition of botulinum neurotoxin B catalytic activity. Journal of Applied Toxicology. 19(Suppl 1): S5‑S11
Adler, M., Shafer, H.F., Manley, H.A., Hackley, B.E., Nicholson, J.D., Keller, J.E. and Goodnough, M.C. 2003. A capillary electrophoresis technique for evaluating botulinum neurotoxin B light chain activity. Journal of Protein Chemistry. 22(5): 441-448. [PUBMED]
Adler, C.H., Zimmerman, R.S., Lyons, M.K., Simeone, F. and Brin, M.F. 1996. Perioperative use of botulinum toxin for movement disorder-induced cervical spine disease. Movement Disorders. 11(1): 79-81.
Adler, M., Nicholson, J.D., Cornille, F. and Hackley, B.E. 1998. Efficacy of a novel metalloprotease inhibitor on botulinum neurotoxin B activity. FEBS Letters. 429: 234-238. (Something else maybe in FEBS Letters. 437(1‑2): 164). Advisory Committee on the Microbial Safety of Food. U.K. 1992. Report on vacuum packaging and associated processes. Her Majestys Stationary Office. London, U.K.Ager, E.A., and Dolman, C.E. 1964. Type E botulism. Report of an outbreak in Washington. Journal of the American Medical Association. 187: 538.
Abgueguen, P., Delbos, V., Chennebault, J.M., Fanello, S., Brenet, O., Alquier, P., Granry, J.C. and Pichard, E. 2003. Nine cases of foodborne botulism type B in France and literature review. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. 22(12): 749-752. [PUBMED]
Ahmed, S.A., McPhie, P. and Smith, L.A. 2003. Autocatalytically fragmented light chain of botulinum A neurotoxin is enzymatically active. Biochemistry. 42(43): 12539-12549. [PUBMED]
Ahn, K.Y., Park, M.Y., Park, D.H. and Han, D.G. 2000. Botulinum toxin A for the treatment of facial hyperkinetic wrinkle lines in Korea. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery. 105(2): 778‑784.
Ahn-Yoon, S., DeCory, T.R. and Durst, R.A. 2004. Ganglioside-liposome immunoassay for the detection of botulinum toxin. Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry. 378(1): 68-75. [PUBMED]
Ahnerthilger, G., and Bigalke, H. 1995. Molecular aspects of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxin poisoning. Progress in Neurobiology 46: 1 83-96. Aitken, R.S., Barling, B and Miles, A.A. 1936. A case of botulism. Lancet. ii. 780.Aktories, K., Baermann, M., Ohishi, I., Tsuyama, S., Jacobs, K.H. and Habermann, E. 1986. Botulinum toxin C2 toxin ribosylates actin. Nature. 322(6077): 390-392.
Aktories, K., Mohr, C and Koch, G. 1992. Clostridium botulinum C3 ADP-ribosyltransferase. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. 175: 115-131. - (Have(), Toxin(), Cases(), Types(), References()). [PUBMED]
Aktories, K., Geipel, U., Wille, M. and Just, I. 1990. Characterization of the ADP-ribosylation of actin by Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin and Clostridium perfringens iota toxin. Joynal of Physiology (Paris). 84(4): 262-266. - (Have(), Toxin(), Cases(), Types(), References()). [PUBMED]
Aktories, K., Just, I. and Rosenthal, W. 1988. Different types of ADP-ribose
protein bonds formed by botulinum C2 toxin, botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase
C3 and pertussis toxin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 156(1): 361-167. - (Have(),
Toxin(), Cases(), Types(), References()). [PUBMED]
Ala-Huikku, K., Nurmi, E., Pajulahti, H. and Raevuori, M. 1977. Effect of nitrite, storage temperature, and time on Clostridium botulinum type A toxin formation in liver sausage. European Journal of Applied Microbiology. 4: 145-149. -
Ala-Huikku, K., Nurmi, E., Pajulahti, H. and Raevuori, M. 1977. The occurrence of Clostridium botulinum type E in Finnish trout farms and the prevention of toxin formation in fresh-salted vacuum-packed trout fillets. Nordisk Veterinaermedicin. 29(9): 386-391.Alajouanine, T., Thurel, R., and Durupt, L. 1943. Sur la symptomatologie nerveuse du botulisme. Rev. Neurol. 75: 283-284.
Alberto, F., Broussolle, V., Mason, D.R. and Carlin, F. Peck M.W. 2003. Variability in spore germination response by strains of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum types A, B and F. Letters in Applied Microbiology. 36(1):41-45. [PUBMED]
Alderman, G.G., King, G.J. and Sugiyama, H. 1972. Factors in survival of Clostridium botulinum type E spores through the fish smoking process. Journal of Milk and Food Technology. 35(3): 163-166. >Andersen, A.A., Michener, H.D. and Olcott, H.S. 1953. Effect of some antibiotics on Clostridium botulinum. [IN RUSSIAN, no English Text] Antibiotics Chemother. 3: 521- .
Andersen, A.A. 1952. Effect of subtilin on spores of Clostridium botulinum. Journal of Bacteriology. 64: 145-149.
Andersen, A.A. 1951. A rapid plate method of counting spores of Clostridium botulinum. Journal of Bacteriology. 62: 425-432. Andersen, A.A., and Berry, J.A., 1947. Effect of flavonols on Clostridium botulinum. Science. 106: 644-645 Anderson, A.W. and Niedermeyer, G.J. 1968. In vitro detection of Clostridium botulinum. pgs.433-437. In Proceedings of the first U.S.-Japan Conference on Toxic Microorganisms. Ed. M. Herzberg. UJNR Joint Panels on Toxic Microorganisms and the U.S. Department of Interior. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. Anderson, A.W., Corlett, D.A. and Krabbenhoft, K.L. 1967. The effects of additives on radiation-resistance of Clostridium botulinum in meat. Botulism 1966. Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium of Food Microbiology. Moscow. Chapman and Hall Ltd. London. Pages 76-88. Anderson, E.E., Esselen, W.W. and Fellers, C.R. 1949. Effect of acids, salts, sugars, and other food ingredients on thermal resistance of Bacillus thermoacidurans. Food Research. 14( ): 499-510. Anderson, F. 1934. Botulism due to freshly fermented food. California and Western Medicine. 41: 321. Anderson, R.L., Blitzer, A., Brin, M., Carruthers, A, Comella, C., Consky, E., Dubinsky, R., Fahn, S., Frueh, B.R., Hallett, M., Jamkovic, J., Koman, A., S.P. Kraft, S.P., Lang, A., Ludlow, C., Namerow, N.S., Rhew, K., Simpson, L.L., Tsui, J., Waters, C. and Woodson, G. 1994. Training guidelines for the use of botulinum toxin for the treatment of neurologic disorders. Neurology. 44(12): 2401-2403. Anderson, T.J. and Donaldson, I.M. 1995. Botulinum toxin; one man's poison is another man's potion. N Z Med J. 108(1005): 307-308. Anderson, W.A., McClure, P.J., Baird-Parker, A.C., and Cole, M.B. 1996. The application of a log-logistic model to describe the thermal inactivation of Clostridium botulinum 213B at temperatures below 121.1oC. Journal of Applied Bacteriology. 80(3): 283-290. [PUBMED] Anderson, W.A. 1997. Non-log-linear thermal inactivation of Clostridium botulinum spores. Ph.D. thesis. University of Reading, United Kingdom. Ando, Y. 1974. Studies on germination of spores of clostridial species capable of causing food poisoning. III. Effect of some additives on growth from spores of Clostridium botulinum type E. Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan. 15: 242-296 . Ando, Y. 1973. Studies on germination of spores of clostridial species capable of causing food poisoning. II. Effect of some chemicals on the germination of spores of Clostridium botulinum type A. Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan. 14(5): 462-465. Ando, Y. and Karashimada, T. 1973. Inoculated pack test on Clostridium botulinum type E in cod fillets irradiated at low dose levels of γ-irradiation. Food Irradiation. (Shokuhin-Shosha). 8: 118-119. Ando, Y., and Karashimida, T. 1972. Radiation resistance of spores of Clostridium botulinum type E. III. Effect of exposure of spores to a low-dose level of v-irradiation on subsequent growth and toxin production. Food Irradiat. 7: 1. Anellis, A., Berkowitz, D., Kemper, D. and Rowley, D.B. 1972b. Production of types A and B spores of Clostridium botulinum by the biphasic method: effect on spore population, radiation resistance, and toxigenicity. Applied Microbiology. 23(4): 734-739. [PUBMED] Ando, Y. 1971. The germination requirement of spores of Clostridium botulinum type E. [Japanese?] Japanese Journal of Microbiology. 15(6): 515-525. [PUBMED] Ando, Y. 1971. The effects of gamma‑radiation and heat on the germination of spores of Clostridium botulinum type E. Journal of Radiation Research (Tokyo). 12(1): 29‑36. [PUBMED] Anellis, A. and Werkowski, S. 1971. Estimation of an equivalent "12D" process by the normal distribution method. Canadian Journal of Microbiology. 17(9): 1185-1187. [PUBMED] Ando, Y. and Iida, H. 1970. Factors affecting the germination of spores of Clostridium botulinum type E. Japanese Journal of Microbiology. 14(5): 361-370. [PUBMED] Anellis, A., Berkowitz, D., Jarboe, C. and el-Bisi, H.M. 1969. Radiation sterilization of prototype military foods. 3. Pork loin. Applied Microbiology. 18(4): 604-611. [PUBMED] Anellis, A. and Werkowski, S. 1968. Estimation of radiation resistance values of microorganisms in food products. Applied Microbiology. 16(9): 1300-130. [PUBMED] Ando, Y., Darashimada, T., Ono, T., and Iida, H. 1968. Radiation resistance of spores of Clostridium botulinum type E. (I). Journal of Food Irradiation. (Japan) 3: 5-12. Ando, Y., Karashimada, T., Ono, T. and Iida, H. 1968. Toxin production of Clostridium botulinum type E in radiation-pasteurized fish. pgs. 444-449. In Proceedings of the first U.S.-Japan Conference on Toxic Microorganisms. Ed. M. Herzberg. UJNR Joint Panels on Toxic Microorganisms and the U.S. Department of Interior. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. Ando, Y. and Karashimada, T. 1968. Identification of the volatile acid odors produced by Clostridium botulinum. pgs. 416-426. In Proceedings of the first U.S.-Japan Conference on Toxic Microorganisms. Ed. M. Herzberg. UJNR Joint Panels on Toxic Microorganisms and the U.S. Department of Interior. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. Ando, Y., Inoue, K., and Iida, H. 1958. The growth of Clostridium botulinum type E in fish meat in relation to the oxidation reduction potential (text in Japanese). Rep Hokkaido Ist. Publ. Hlth. 9: 39. Ando, Y. and Inque, K. 1957. Studies on growth and toxin production of Clostridium botulinum type E in fish products. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Science and Fisheries. 23: 8- . Ando, Y. and Inque, K. 1957. Studies on growth and toxin production of C. botulinum type E in fish products. I. On the growth in relation to the oxidation-reduction potential in the fish flesh. Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Science and Fisheries. 23: 458-462. Andrews, Jr, R.E., and Bulla, Jr.,L.A. 1981. Toxins of sporeforming bacteria, In Sporulation and germination. pp. 57-63. Edited by Levinson, H.S., Sonensheim, and Tipper, D.J. American Society of Microbiology, Washington, DC. Anellis, A., Shatluck, E, Morin, M, Srisara, B., Qvale, Sr., Rowley, D.B. and Ross, E.W. 1977a. Cryogenic gamma irradiation of prototype pork and chicken and antagonistic effect between Clostridium botulinum types A and B. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 34(6): 823-831. [PUBMED] Anellis, A., and Berkowitz, D. 1977b. Comparative radiation death kinetics of Clostridium botulinum spores at low-temperature gamma irradiation. Journal of Food Protection. 40(5): 313-316. Anellis, A., and Berkowitz, D. 1977. Comparative dose-survival curves of representative Clostridium botulinum type F spores with type A and type B spores. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 34(5): 600-601. [PUBMED] Anellis, A., Berkowitz, D., Kemper, D and Rowley, D.B. 1972b. Radiation sterilization of prototype military foods: Low-temperature irradiation of codfish cake, corned beef and pork sausage. Applied Microbiology. 24(3): 453-462. [PUBMED] Anellis, A., Berkowitz, D., Kemper, D and Rowley, D.B. 1972. Production of Clostridium botulinum types A and B spores by the biphasic methods: Effect on spore population, radiation resistance and toxigenicity. Applied Microbiology. 23(4): 734-739. [PUBMED] Anellis, A., Berkowitz, D., Jaboe, C. and el-bisi, H.M. 1969. Radiation sterilization of prototype military foods. 3. Pork loin. Applied Microbiology. 18(4): 604-611. [PUBMED] Anellis, A. and Rowley, D.B. 1968. Production of Clostridium botulinum spores types A and B. p. 317-324. In Proceedings of the first U.S.-Japan Conference on Toxic Microorganisms. Ed. M. Herzberg. UJNR Joint Panels on Toxic Microorganisms and the U.S. Department of Interior. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. Anellis, A., Berkowitz, D., Jarboe, C. and el Bisi, H.M. 1967. Radiation sterilization of prototype military foods. II. Cured ham. Applied Microbiology. 15(1): 166-177. [PUBMED] Anellis, A., Grecz, N. and Berkowitz, D. 1965. Survival of Clostridium botulinum spores. Applied Microbiology. 13(3): 397-401. Anellis, A., Grecz, N., and Berkowitz, D. 1964. Nature of the radiation-resistant in the survival of Clostridium botulinum. Bact. Proc., Amer Soc. Microbiol., p. 3. Anellis, A., and Koch, R.B. 1962b. Comparative resistances of stains of Clostridium botulinum types A and B and P.A. 3679 to gamma rays. Bact. Proc., Amer. Soc. Microbiol., p. 30. Anellis, A., and Koch, R.B. 1962a. Comparative resistance of strains of Clostridium botulinum to gamma rays. Applied Microbiology. 10: 326-330. Angaut-Petit, D., Molgo, J., Comella, J.X., Faille, L., Tabti, N. 1990. Terminal sprouting in mouse neuromuscular junctions poisoned with botulinum type A toxin: morphological and electrophysiological features. Neuroscience. 37: 799-808. Angelotti, R. 1968. The heat resistance of Clostridium botulinum type E in food. pgs.404-409. In Proceedings of the first U.S.-Japan Conference on Toxic Microorganisms. Ed. M. Herzberg. UJNR Joint Panels on Toxic Microorganisms and the U.S. Department of Interior. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. Angibaud, G., Moreau, M.S., Rascol, O. And Clanet, M. 1995. Treatment of hemifacial spasm with botulinal toxin - Value of preinjection electromyography abnormalities for predicting postinjection lower facial paresis. European Neurology. 35(1): 43-45.Angulo, F.J., Getz, J., Taylor, J.P., Hendricks, K.A., Hatheway, C.L., Barth, S.S., Solomon, H.M., Larson, A.E., Johnson, E.A., Nickey, L.N., Ries, A.A. 1998. A large outbreak of botulism: the hazardous baked potato. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 178(1): 172-177. [PUBMED]
Anne, C., Blommaert, A., Turcaud, S., Martin, A.S., Meudal, H. and Roques, B.P. 2003. Thio-derived disulfides as potent inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin type B: Implications for zinc interaction. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry. 11(21): 4655-4660. [PUBMED]
Anne, C., Turcaud, S., Quancard, J., Teffo, F., Meudal, H., Fournie-Zaluski,
M.C. and Roques, B.P. 2003. Development of potent inhibitors of botulinum neurotoxin
type B. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 46(22): 4648-4656. [PUBMED]
Anonymous. 1998. Rejection of Clostridium putrificum and conservation of Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium sporogenes - Opinion 69. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 49(1): .
Anonymous. 1998. Fallbericht: Botuilsmus nach dem Verzehr von geraucherten Lachsforellen. Epidemiol. Bull.. 14: 9- . Anonymous. 1996. C. botulinum control strategy outlined in guide. Food and Chemical News. Pg. 39. Anonymous. 1996. Botulism outbreak in Georgia came from processed cheese sauce, CDC reports. Food and Chemical News. October 14, 1996. Page 11.Anonymous. 1995. From the Centers for disease control and prevention. Foodborne botulism. Oklahoma, 1994. Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). 273(15): 1167. [PUBMED]
Anonymous. 1995. Botulism makes potato salad very risky side dish. Food Protection Report. October, 1995: pgs. 3-4.
Anonymous. 1995. Abstracts: International Conference on botulinum toxin: Basic Science and Clinical Theraputics - Munich, Germany - June 14-16, 1995. Movement Disorders. 10(3): 362-404. Anonymous. 1994. Milk Products scrutinized after California dairy cow dies. Food and Chemical News. Pg. 69. Anonymous. 1994. Restaurant botulism incident hospitalizes 18 in El Paso. Food and Chemical News. : 69 (April 18, 1994). Anonymous. 1993. Garlic spreads, gravies recalled due to botulism potential. Food and Chemical News. : 20 (September 13, 1993). Anonymous. 1993. FDA: Garlic, spice "in oil" mixtures pose botulism risks. Food and Chemical News. : 26 (August 30, 1993). Anonymous. 1993. Draft Code for the Production, Distribution and Sale of Chilled, Longlife, Pasteurized meals. Belgian-Dutch Chilled Meals Working Group, The Netherlands. Anonymous. 1992. Report on the Vacuum Packaging and Associated Processes. Advisory Committee on the Microbiological Safety of Food, HMSO, London. Anonymous. 1992. Recall of the Micro-Dome Food Preserver. Copy obtained from Gary Barnes on Foodsafe, July 6, 1999. Anonymous. 1992. Botulism toxin threat leads to class I nationwide recall. Food and Chemical News. : 16 (May 18, 1992). Anonymous, 1992. Fish Botulism - Hawaii, 1990. Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation. 12(March): 158. Anonymous. 1991. Botulinumforgiftning orsakad av rokt lax, 43. Var Foda (Sweden) 478. Anonymous. 1991. Fresh filled pasta seen permitting botulinal toxin formation. Food and Chemical News. : 30 (March 25). Anonymous, 1992. Botulism in the entire United States. Food and Environmental Sanitation. 12(9): 580 Anonymous, 1992. Salted whitefish suspected cause of botulism in N.J. Food and Chemical News. (May 18, 1992): 36. Anonymous. 1991. Fresh filled pasta seen permitting botulinal toxin formation. Food and Chemical News. : 30 (March 25). Anonymous. 1991. Bot growth possible in unacidified shelf-stable noodles. Food and Chemical News. : 8 (March 18). Anonymous. 1991. FDA scientists urge caution on products bottled in oil. Food and Chemical News. : 44 (March 4). Anonymous. 1991. Poultry litter associated botulism (type C) in cattle. Canadian Veterinary Journal. 31: 711- . Anonymous. 1991. Botulism. Epid-akuellt. 14: 9- . Anonymous. 1990. Antidote for botulism from fish: the new AFDO GMPs. Food Protection Report. 7(7-8): 7-8. Anonymous. 1990. Rare form of botulism in horses reported. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 196: 529. Anonymous. 1990. Fish processing suggests potential health threat. FDA Quarterly Activities Report. 4th Quarter, 1990: 24. Anonymous, 1989. FDA prohibits garlic-in-oil products. Food Protection Report. 5(5): 1-2. Anonymous, 1989. Garlic-in-oil mixes needing refrigeration should be withdrawn: FDA. Food and Chemical News. (April 17): 51. Anonymous. 1987. Botulism associated with an in-flight meal. Communicable Disease Report. 87(42): 1. Anonymous. 1986. Wound botulism in California--a 35-year review. California Morbidity, 3 July: 1. California State Department of Health. Department of Health Services. Anonymous. 1985. A case of infant botulism- Quebec. Can. Dis. Week. Rep. 11: 201-202. Anonymous. 1985. 1984--A record year for infant botulism in California. California Morbidity Weekly Report, June 14, #23. Anonymous. 1984. Honey, corn syrups and infant botulism. Calif. Morbid. Weekly Rep. 14. Anonymous. 1984. Botulism due to mishandling of pot pies. WHO Surveillance Programme for Control of Foodborne Infections and Intoxications in Europe Newsletter, June, 2. Anonymous, 1983. Botulism from Taiwan canned mushrooms. British Food Journal. Sept/Oct 1983: 143. Anonymous. 1982. Problems with canned Canadian and United States salmon. Commun. Dis. Intell. Bull. 82/20: 5-6. Anonymous. 1982. Canned salmon recall industry wide and international implications. NFPA Research Laboratories. 1982 Annual Report. Anonymous. 1982. FDA issues news release on withdrawal of canned tomatoes. Food and Chemical News. 24: 22 (July 12). Anonymous. 1980. Infant Botulism. Annual Reviews of Medicine. 31: 541-560. Anonymous, 1979. USDA releases potassium sorbate studies on bacon. American Meat Institute Newsletter. 13: 4- . Anonymous, 1979. Nitrites and curing options. Meat Industry. 26: 26- . Anonymous. 1978. NFPA theorizes can of salmon was damaged by a hand saw. Food and Chemical News. 20: 40-41 (August 21). Anonymous. 1977. Infant botulism continues. California Morbidity, October 7, Infectious Diseases Sections. California State Department of Health. Department of Health. Anonymous. 1975. Fish Farms and Botulism. British Medical Journal. April 19, 1975: 106. Anonymous. 1967. A Type E botulism outbreak in gefilte fish, Chicago, Illinois. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 16: 24. Anonymous, 1965. Summaries of toxicological data. Artificial smoke flavorings. Food Cosmetics Technology. 3: 145-147. Anonymous, 1964. Botulism outbreak from smoked whitefish. Food Technology. 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